Hypersthene

Hypersthene is a common rock-forming inosilicate mineral pyroxenes Its chemical formula is (Mg,Fe)SiO 3. It is found in igneous and some metamorphic rocks. Many references have formally abandoned this term, preferring to categorise this mineral as enstatite. It forms a solid solution series with the minerals enstatite and ferrosilite, being a mid-way member between the two. Pure enstatite contains no iron, while pure ferrosillite contains no magnesium; hypersthene is the name given to the mineral when a significant amount of both elements are present. Distinctly developed crystals are rare, the mineral being usually found as foliated masses embedded in the igneous rocks norite and hypersthene-andesite , of which it forms an essential constituent. The coarse-grained labradorite -hypersthene-rock (norite) of Paul's Island has furnished the most typical material; for this reason, the mineral has been known as Labrador hornblende

Color is often gray, brown, or green, and the luster is usually vitreous to pearly. The pleochroism is strong, the hardness is 3.4–3.9. On certain surfaces it displays a brilliant copper-red metallic sheen, or schiller, which has the same origin as the bronzy sheen of bronzite, but is even more pronounced. Like bronzite, it is sometimes cut and polished as a gemstone

The name "hypersthene" comes from the Greek and means "over strength", and is an allusion to its being harder than the amphibole (a mineral with which it is often confused).